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Industrial sewage treatment
In the process of industrial wastewater treatment, the relevant water treatment personnel of enterprises need to master the key treatment technology, means and methods, and conduct in-depth analysis and discussion on the applicability and practicability of the treatment technology, so as to ensure the quality treatment of industrial wastewater and help the rapid development of enterprises. This paper introduces the current industrial sewage treatment technology, analyzes the existing problems of industrial sewage treatment, and puts forward the corresponding measures, which has made some contributions to the promotion and development of industrial sewage treatment technology for enterprises.
In the process of industrial wastewater treatment, the relevant water treatment personnel of enterprises need to master the key treatment technology, means and methods, and conduct in-depth analysis and discussion on the applicability and practicability of the treatment technology, so as to ensure the quality treatment of industrial wastewater and help the rapid development of enterprises. This paper introduces the current industrial sewage treatment technology, analyzes the existing problems of industrial sewage treatment, and puts forward the corresponding measures, which has made some contributions to the promotion and development of industrial sewage treatment technology for enterprises.
Key words: industrial wastewater; Processing technology; methods
Industrial wastewater treatment methods
1.1 Reverse osmosis wastewater treatment methods
Reverse osmosis wastewater treatment has been commercialized since 1960s and has been widely used in various industrial wastewater treatment. Compared with the traditional simple separation technology, it is more mature and effective. It has the advantages of low cost, simple equipment, high processing efficiency and low energy consumption. Therefore, while improving the treatment efficiency, this method is also favored by many large industrial enterprises. It is an important direction for the development of industrial sewage treatment in the future and reduces the cost as much as possible.
1.2 Aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment
(1) Treatment of aerobic organisms
This kind of biological treatment technology has been used in industry for a long time. Now many technicians are working on this technology, hoping to constantly improve the details of the technology, so as to improve the efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment. At present, the main component of this treatment technology is HCR process, which realizes the reasonable combination of high-speed jet aeration and turbulent shear technology, so that the sludge in industrial sewage can be removed smoothly. The oxygen conversion rate of aerobic biological treatment unit is greatly improved and the reaction space is obviously expanded. This not only improves the conversion and utilization rate of oxygen in the device, but also improves the load value of the device. After industrial sewage enters the device, it contains microorganisms. Accelerate the metabolism speed, increase the internal friction of the device, effectively reduce the sewage sludge. Because of this, the technology is widely used in the wastewater treatment departments of many large industrial enterprises.
(2) Anaerobic biological treatment
In modern society, anaerobic treatment is more widely used than aerobic treatment. With the continuous development of modern science, anaerobic biological treatment technology is also constantly improved and improved, which also makes the application of anaerobic biological treatment technology more and more widely. According to the investigation, the current anaerobic biological sewage treatment method is the second generation and the third generation of anaerobic treatment equipment. Upflow sludge bed is a kind of granular bioreactor. In the treatment of industrial effluent, the special gases produced are first mixed with the effluent in some way. After the stirring is complete, the granular sludge can be separated. The tool used is a three-phase separator. After completion, it enters the discharge reaction device. In the future, with the continuous development of science and technology, the device will be constantly optimized, there will be many new devices, thus greatly improving the efficiency and quality of industrial sewage treatment.
1.3 Treatment of polymer materials and ion exchange resins
If there is mercury in industrial effluent, polymer materials and ion-exchange resins must be used. Its main characteristics are as follows :(1) The resin exchange process is a secondary system for chemical treatment of industrial wastewater, which can ensure that the industrial wastewater discharge meets the relevant requirements, and the whole system can also be recycled. (2) resin exchange method for decolorization of industrial sewage, that is, sewage after treatment, the water is clear and transparent. (3) If more sewage needs to be treated, the cost of sewage treatment can be effectively saved. (4) resin failure after sewage treatment. Sodium sulfate alum is used to recover waste residue containing mercury to prevent secondary pollution.
Ion-exchange resins are more widely used if industrial effluent contains other heavy metals because they are efficient in recovering heavy metal ions. For example, in heavy metal-related industrial enterprises, most effluents contain high levels of copper ions (Cu2 +), whereas ion exchange resin treatment methods do not. Only sewage can be quickly purified, and copper ions can be recycled.
Second, the problems existing in industrial sewage treatment
1. Industrial sewage treatment technology is backward
Due to the early establishment of sewage treatment plants in China, the technology update is relatively slow, resulting in the backward sewage treatment technology of sewage treatment plants. The automation level is low, the maintenance rate is high, the energy consumption is high, the efficiency is low, and there are many small and medium-sized cities did not establish the sewage treatment plant, resulting in most of the industrial sewage is directly discharged, leading to our country's water resources are aggravated pollution.
2. Industrial sewage treatment plants are too concentrated
Due to the concentration of industrial sewage treatment plants in China, it is very difficult to recycle reclaimed water. Moreover, most of the drainage systems in the old urban areas of our cities are concomitant systems. In order to treat industrial sewage, it is necessary to transform these drainage systems into distributary systems, or establish a sewage intercepting system. However, it is very difficult to arrange recycled water pipelines on the urban roads that are already full of various pipes.
3. Insufficient capital investment
Finance by the central allocation of industrial wastewater treatment in our country, the international bank loans and local finance allocates funds, there are a lot of money is not stable, there are bigger problems, and money management and industrial wastewater treatment cost in China is very big, there is a shortage of funds for sewage treatment, for those who are economically underdeveloped areas, due to insufficient funds, by sewage direct emissions, It pollutes the fresh water resources and aggravates the crisis of water shortage in China.
4. Poor management
Sewage disposal factory management mechanism is not perfect in China, most of the staff's ability and level cannot be adapted to the complexity of industrial wastewater treatment technology, has caused many sewage treatment plant sewage is unqualified, and may also result in sewage treatment plants can't run normally, severely restricts the normal operation of the industrial wastewater treatment plant, reducing the efficiency of wastewater treatment.
5. Equipment wear and aging
Because our country's sewage treatment plants are established relatively early, equipment is mostly imported from foreign countries, after many years of operation, there will be different degrees of wear, aging phenomenon. Now the sewage treatment facilities generally exist low design level, low quality, poor stability and other problems, the treatment of sewage can not fully reach the standard, only part of the water treatment standards, and the lack of sludge treatment means, causing secondary pollution to the environment. Sewage collection pipe network does not form a complete set, the construction of the new district sewage only pay attention to the scale of sewage treatment facilities and the main line length, for the old city is adopt confluence of rainwater and sewage system, the industrial wastewater can row to the sewage pipe, pipe network maintenance and management is not timely, and is not easy to find the damage, it is easy to neglect.
Improvement measures for industrial sewage treatment
1. Improving industrial sewage treatment methods
First of all, we should master the latest situation of some pollution source control technology and industrial sewage treatment technology, promote the development of sewage treatment methods in our country, and vigorously develop the science and technology of low consumption and high efficiency sewage treatment. Secondly, it is to increase the investment of talents and funds, establish special research and development institutions, improve the technical level, actively develop, research and application of industrial sewage reuse technology and new equipment, improve the capacity of sewage treatment and reuse; Introduce and develop new technology, through actively popularize the application of various membrane separation technology, ozonation technology and safe disinfection technology, the waste separation in sewage, improve the industrial sewage treatment standard, perfect the treatment system, reach the target of reclaimed water, improve the utilization rate of water.
2. We will improve the management mechanism for sewage treatment
The evaluation system of sewage treatment units shall be reformed, and the quality and quantity of water treated shall be supervised at the same time, and the treated water body indexes shall be included in the assessment scope, so as to effectively improve the quality level of sewage treatment work and improve the standard of water quality after treatment. The government strengthens the management of sewage treatment, clarifies the division of labor, assigns responsibility to everyone, adopts an accountability system, and punishes those responsible for problems, so as to ensure the construction of sewage treatment system. According to the specific Sui situation, the government adopts different management system, carries on the diversified management to the industrial sewage treatment, introduces the investment mode, guarantees the continuous development of the industrial sewage treatment.
3. Resourcefulness and industrialization of sewage treatment
Industrial wastewater treatment is also a kind of water, become the city's second water source, recycling, can greatly save water supply, at the same time also can reduce pollution, sewage direct emissions is to solve the water supply tension and improve the environment, can also came to the treatment and utilization and save to invest in pipelines and transportation cost, realize the sustainable development of water. Classified water supply, so as to realize the recycling and utilization of water resources, and encourage the reuse of water, the study of the sludge after the reuse of wastewater, it will be turned into treasure, really improve the resource level of sludge. For those who discharge sewage enterprises to pay the corresponding fees, to provide funds for industrial sewage treatment facilities, to strengthen the capacity of sewage treatment, to adopt a market-oriented way to develop the sewage treatment industry.
conclusion
Industrial development and environmental protection are not two opposite propositions. They can promote and develop together. If the sewage treatment technology can be continuously improved and developed, the industrial sewage can fully meet the discharge standards, but there is still a certain distance from the complete harmless discharge of industrial sewage, and further efforts are needed. However, China's industrial sewage treatment technology is still in the forefront of the world, I believe that as long as the continuous efforts in the treatment of technology, in the next ten years, the treatment of industrial sewage will have new achievements.
